2. How Nail Growth Works — and Where Splits Begin

Nails are made primarily of keratin, the same protein found in hair and skin. They grow from the nail matrix beneath the cuticle.

As new cells form, older cells are pushed outward to create the visible nail plate.

Vertical splits often develop when the nail-forming process becomes disrupted. Damage to the cuticle or nail bed may weaken the nail over time, making cracks more likely to form.

3. Everyday Habits That Damage Nails

Daily activities can gradually weaken fingernails through repeated stress.

Common causes include:

• Typing heavily
• Opening packages with nails
• Playing musical instruments
• Using nails as tools
• Nail biting or picking

These habits may create tiny tears that slowly develop into larger splits.

Ways to Reduce Damage

• Keep nails trimmed short
• Use fingertips rather than nails whenever possible
• Wear gloves during cleaning or manual work

4. Dryness and Dehydration

Nails need moisture to remain flexible and durable. Dry nails become brittle and are more likely to split vertically.

Common causes of nail dryness include:

• Frequent handwashing
• Harsh soaps
• Cleaning chemicals
• Dry weather
• Excessive sanitizer use

Helpful Moisturizing Ingredients