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1. Swelling (Thighs, Ankles, or Feet)
What it looks like: Shoes feel tight, sock marks remain visible, and pressing the skin leaves a dent that lingers for several seconds. Swelling usually worsens in the evening.
Liver connection: Damaged liver cells produce less albumin, disrupting fluid balance and leading to edema. Portal hypertension (increased pressure in the portal vein) also interferes with normal venous return, contributing to swelling.
2. Vascular “Stars” (Telangiectasias)
What they look like: Small red or purple, spider-web–like veins on the ankles, feet, or legs.
Liver connection: These are commonly seen in chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis. They result from altered hormone metabolism—particularly increased estrogen—and elevated venous pressure.
3. Changes in Skin Color
What it looks like: A yellowish tint (mild jaundice) or darkened patches of skin, especially around the ankles.
Liver connection: Jaundice reflects impaired bilirubin metabolism. Darkened pigmentation may result from metabolic disturbances and melanin accumulation associated with liver dysfunction.